Representation of the third world

In the Band Aid - do they know it's christmas the third world is represented as a poor and needing community. The lyrics say: "do they know it's christmas?" suggesting they are living in a different world from ours, and they are in such poor and in harsh conditions they don't even realize it is Christmas. we can see close up shots of them suffering and this enhances the fact they are poor and living in human conditions. this point is further reinforced through the bird's eye view shot used, which shows the african people climbing down through wells in order to reach water to be able do drink and survive. this connotes that they are living in unbearable conditions, and it highlights to the audience how lucky they are compared to the people living in Africa. in addition the costume is really effective. they are wearing ripped clothes, which are dirty and look oversized or too small. this suggests that they don't have a clean shower or clean clothes to change in to. it highlights their poverty and makes the audience feel pity and sympathetic towards them. in addition the long take and establishing shot of the Africa male is very effective as it shows his body. he is really skinny and this suggests that he has been deprived of food and the most of the basic need that today we  give for granted. this is also seen the then Unicef 2017 advert. the shot reverse shot of the children in western society and the children living in Africa is effective as it shows the difference. it highlights to the audience how fortunate young children in today's world are, and it enhances the poverty of the children of the third world. it tells the audience how they are suffering and in need of help to grow and survive. it connotes that hey should stop spending money on irrelevant things and objects which they do not necessarily need, but they can use s little bit of money to help a child survive and become educated. the behind the shoulder shot of the children in Africa playing and dancing in a circle is effective as it shows that they also can be happy. it highlights that they are in need, but with a small donation people can help them live a positive and thoughtless childhood, without risking to die every day because they don't have enough food or water.

Tide Assessment feedback

a1 -this can be seen in gauntlet's theory as he believed that

Historical and social Context - Key terms

What women's monthly magazines are more aspirational than weekly magazines?

It means that the monthly magazines contain articles and images which women see as what they should aspire to be and look like. They contain aspirational figures, and expensive products that women should aspire to own and purchase. on the other hand weekly magazines contain the latest news and articles which tend to inform the audience on the latest news and are more downmarket.

Aspirational magazine = features models which the audience should aspire to be like.
monthly ones have more money as they are only published once a month, so they can afford better photoshoot and better quality. they suggest to the audience they should aspire to be lavish and expensive.
Editorial philosophy: W hat ensures that a publication feels whole and complete when consumed by readers. 

• Write to their desired audience (personas)

• Maintain the style and approach consistent with other articles/content (voice)

• Write in alignment with the angle the publication wishes to communicate (point-of-view)

If you write for a professional publication you will be exposed to their editorial philosophy to ensure that  you:

Psychographic: Devides the market into groups based on their social class,lifestyle, personality and characteristics. it is based on the assumption that types of products and brands an individual purchases will reflect that persons characteristics and patterns of living.
subgenera:

Socialisation:

Social, Cultural and Historical Context

Historical context

Rise of consumerism

this happened between the 1950s and 1960s, as the war made women's magazines enter a new era. they evolved from featuring articles about homecoming, cooking  and cleaning, to articles regarding shopping and spending money, and having a luxurious lifestyle.

1960s sexual revolution

the contraceptive pill was introduced and the Married Women's Property Act was established, which allowed women to gain a greater degree of financial independence. these changes allowed women to start to be more independent and not relay on men all the time for money and knowledge.

1960s Cultural revolution

In these years now trends started to develop in music, fashion and films. Britain was at the centre at this cultural revolution and closely experienced al these changes.

Differences Between Women's Realm and Huck Magazine

• Huck's target audience are young people from all over the world and it is gender neutral(eg. cultish women fighters. fighting appeals to men but the fact that the fighters are women appeals to women), while woman realm is mainly targeted at women.
• The activities talked about in Hucks are usually man related ( snowboarding and skating) , while in Woman realm the articles are focused on women's interests like fashion and house caring. 
• Huck has an online version, Women's Realm didn't, but it only sold hard copies.
• Woman's Realm has closed down as it had little views and it was forced to merge with women's weekly. it was successful for over 40 years but the the articles stopped interesting its audience, Huck on the other hand is growing and emerging, attracting people with articles and news from all around the world.
• Articles in Woman Realm had commercial purpose and it featured adverts on different beauty products, as articles on the while Huck has less commercial purpose, and the articles are on new original stories. it does so=how some adverts, but they are selected ones.
• Woman Realm concentrates in knitting, housekeeping, while huck's articles are on skating, surfing and travelling.

Huck Magazine Research

• Huck is a bi-monthly magazine, website and online video channel. 
• It was first published in 2006. 
• It is an independent magazine, inspired by radical youth culture .
• It has been recognized for its style of exploring subcultures as "entry points for articles about music, politics and places all over the world." 
• It is published by London-based media company TCOLondon.

Woman's Relam Research

• Woman's Realm was a British weekly women's magazine first published in 1958.
• It closed in 2001, after 43 years of publication.
• They only had 15200 annual sales annually, Woman's Realm's content no longer reflected the financially independent lives of its target readership. Women today still associated the magazine with knitting, even though they haven't carried those patterns for six years.
• Articles on cooking, sowing, knitting, lifestyle, cooking and homemaking were featured.
• It was merged with women weekly
• Does not exist anymore

ALL DIFFERENT THEORIES

HALL, GAUNTLETT, VAN OONEN, HOOKS, BEAUVOIR, FRIEDAN, TUCHMAN THEORIES.

committed : left out

trivialised - made less important

condemned : empisizes they are doomed 

Context 1940s-1950s

Compare and contrast the Tide advert with one the following.

1940s adverts functioned as propaganda- they where trying to recruit people into doing work and getting a job. Both adverts are encouraging women to go into the public sphere, get out of their house. the slogan "turns out you girls ..." is saying women can use their talents for something worthwhile. it is trivialising housework and things that women do at home.They are trying to empower women, saying that they are going to win the war, and they are going to be a fundamental part of the countries success. women are encouraged to be part of the community

the 1950s advert (tide advert) is to promote the idea of smectic fear. it tells women to go back to the house. it shows the joy to be at home and be the homemake, looking after the home, the family and her husband. 

1950s is the end of the war and they are encouraging women to go back home as men have returned. in addition they were promoting materialism and consumerism. they are promoting capitalism - (you provide me a product - service and i buy it). At the time the products mostly directed at women were domestic products ( hoovers, washing machine) and they were sold to women as they would help them become better housewives. make their domestic life easier.
These domestic consumer products were a symbol of wealth and women were aspiring to purchase and own them , they were the american dream, as who owned them was rich and wealthy. 

In the tide advert women are encouraged to stay at home and to do the cleaning up. The woman is smiling, suggesting she should be happy to look after the house and being in the domestic environment.

In the other advert the woman is shown to be working in a factory, and her facial expression shows her smiling. this suggest that in 1940s women were encouraged to go out and look for a job. the fact that she is smiling highlights how women should be happy to go out and earn their own income.
the exclamative "the soldiers need our help" highlights how in 1950 women were seen as important and valuable. it suggests that men were not able to keep going without the help of women. in the tide advert women are also seen as important, but to be in the domestic environment and they should not help men, but care for them and make them happy.

The first advert is a propaganda to get women out the house and work, while the tide advert is encouraging women to stay at home and clean.

In the 1940 advertising was used as a way of calling women into the factories and work, and women started to get out and challenge the way they were represented in the media. They were pulled into the factories in the absence of men, but once the war finished they all got fired.  So to get some of their jobs back they used television. this caused capitalism, as women were seeing using objects on tv, so the women at home wantd to buy them as well - form of advertising. 

In the tide advert they wanted to promote capitalism and they encouraged women to live the lavish american lyfestily, spending money and being always clean and appealing.

MISS REPRESENTATION documentary questions

• How are women portrayed in the media? Are there differences between the different media platforms? Make reference to the following media platforms TV (news and reality TV) and film

• How are men represented in the media?

• What role did the media play after WW2?

1- Women in the media are objectified and portrayed as objects . They are hugely sexualised, and their bodies are altered using photoshop in order to make them seem more appealing to men. This leads to them being disempowered and being considered the less important in both their cultural and social life. It is done in adverts, but also magazines, tv shows and movies (particularly hollywood movies). In addition stills of women found in media are mainly of white , young heterosexual and underweight  women, and this can lead to young girls developing eating disorders and depression. Reality television portrays women as catty, manipulative, vindictive and on display for male judgement and objectification. They show how women and girls' values lie in their youth , beauty and sexuality, not in their capacity of being leaders.

2- Men are not taught to express themselves in a healthy way. They are represented as dangerous, strong and aggressive. They are expected to be muscular and have physical prowess. They are represented as the dominant character , more intelligent and capable, with the most leadership skills. Through media and advertising boys get the message that they should be violent, in control, unemotional and that women should be treated like objects and second class citizens 

3- After ww2 women started to get out and challenge the way they were represented in the media. Men still held the positions of privilege and .  Women were pulled into the factories in the absence of men, but once the war finished they all got fired.  So to get some of their jobs back they used television. this caused capitalism, as women were seeing using objects on tv, so the women at home wantd to buy them as well - form of advertising. 

This Girl Can homewrok analysis - applying theories

 Choose one of the following stills

Discuss how the use of voiceover helps to create meaning

 

it enhances their power and makes them seem more strong. It enhances their determination and  shows how they can do anythingthey want because they are girls.

In what ways could you argue that this shot challenges van Zoonen’s notion of objectification because of the meanings created by the use of sound, mise-en-scene and camerawork

Costume – she is wearing tight clothing which enhance her figure. They highlight the wide shape of the lady’s lower back which is stereotypically thought to be be appealing to men. 

In addition the close up shot of the woman’s lower back is used and this higlights how women’a bodies are usualy seen as objects in the media. This supports  Van Zoonen’s theory that women in western society tend to be objectified.

What is the most effective media language technique used at this moment? How is this woman represented and how can it be linked to hooks and Gauntlett’s theory?

The establishing wide angle shot is used in this still, and it is effective as it clearly shows how the woman has a missing leg but she is still running. This connotes that women are strong and if they are determined and they  work hard they can be successful, no matter what challenges they face.  This can be seen to support hook’s theory that feminism is not a lifestyle choice but a political commitment. Women need to be strong and face challenges, but if they  work hard they can overcome obstacles.

Choose one of the following stills

What editing technique is used during this moment? What connotations does it create? What is the significance of the sports selected? How could you link it to Hall’s theory?

Still number 2 shows 2 girls tackling each other during a rugby math. The  fast paced editing and cross cutting highlights  the women’s power and capacity in the sport. It shows how women can be successful and very skilled in practicing sports. The girls are playing rugbey, which is usualy a sport associated with men. The fact that  they are skilled and can efficiently play can be seen as  supporting hall’s theory  that stereotyping tends to occur where there are inequalities of power.  In this video men are not represented, so there is no stereotyping and women ae able to do anything they want and are successful in everything.

Choose one of the following stills

To what extent does the still challenge stereotypes? How could you link it to the different waves of feminism and theories like van Zoonen and Butler.

 

Still number 2 shows some women holding a baby. This is important as it potrays women as mothery and this is because stereotypically women are expected to look after and take care of children.

On the other hand the wide angle shot shows us that  they are in a jym and are doing exercide. This can challenge Van Zoonen’s theory , as he argued  that men bodies were the ones which were seen as strong and important, but in this still it is the women who are powerful and excercising. In addition they are at a gym, which is a place stereotypically associated with men. This highlight how  women can be strong and powerful and challenge what is expected from them by society.

Butler believe that we construct our own gender through our lives, so if we refuse to perform our gender script, then gender will stop existing. This can be seen as women are chalanging what they are exoected to be doing by society by goingto the gym. On the other hand they are still looking after the children, so to a certain extent they are still performing their gender script.

What technique has been used in the following still and what does it suggest about womanhood?

 

Bird’s eye view shot is used, and it makes all women seem uited and together. Is suggests women should all  stand together and be strong,  as if they all stick together they will be able to overcome challenges  and be successful. It will make them more powerful and confident.

Gauntlet's web 2.0

Gauntlett - Collective Identity theory

There is satisfaction in belonging to a group, which can seem empowering and more important than an audience's own singular identity.

 - Any user can contribute and produce media - previously large corporations and media producers told audiences what they could watch and when. This is possible as media is now more accessible, cheaper and easier to produce
he believed that people now have a rout to self express and therefore a stronger sense of participation in the world through making and exchanging online.
- Media can be a place where people can converse, exchange information and transform
- You can build your own sense of identity through everyday creative practice.

Through consuming some media forms, individuals can gain a sense of belonging and an identity that transcends the individual.

collective identity: The individual's sense of belonging to a group.

Giddens: The self is not something we are born with, and it is not fixed. it is constructed by the individual and we all choose lifestyle.

To what extent does the cover of this magazine demonstrate Gauntlett’s ‘Collective Identity’ Grauntlett believed that the media provides audiences with resources to allow them to construct their identities.  in this front cover we see niki minj represented as a strong, fierce and powerful woman. this is done through the use of clothing and colour. the black leather jacket is really effective as it represents danger and makes her look strong. this suggests women should be powerful ,and never be scared of anything. the fact that she is the main image can give a sense of belonging to the audience as they can all be fans on niki minaj and through the magazine they may be able to sense of belonging with other individuals similar to them.
on the other hand she is also seen as sexualised. the clothing she is wearing is really revealing, as we can see some of her chest coming out from the black leather jacket. this can suggest women should be  objectified by men. in addition she is also wearing tight clothing, as she has leggings on, and this highlight her figure. this is effective as it shows the audience that women should have he perfect body to appeal men. it suggests that to be beautiful women should have wide hips and a prosperous breath.  he clothing can be seen as giving aa sense of belonging to the audience as it can bring them together in regards of their interests in the fashion industry. her facial expression is also really effective as he is looking straight at the camera. this suggest how women should be confident and never give up. she is wearing really light make up, which is effetive as it can give viewers a sense of belonging, strengtheing their ideas related to the beauty industry.

Niki Minaj Representation theory homework

Answer the representation theory questions based on the cover below

1. Niki Minaj is being represented
2. She is represented as strong, confident and dangerous through the use of costume and colour - black leather jacket and black trousers. She also looks determined through her facial expression. She is looking straight ahead, and adressing the reader directly. The low camera angle is used which enhances her power an makes her seem more important. She is also represented as sexualised as a lot of her body is shown through her clothes. She is represented as sexy, alluding and attractive. this is done through her facial expression (mouth slightly opened- makes her lips seem fuller).
   she is also represented as confident - her stance with her hand on her thigh connotes she is not afraid of being exposed and she is comfortable with her appearance - self assured.
   she is presented as rebellious and stylish - through the use of costume - black leather jacket. 
3. This magazine is a lifestyle magazine and we can tell this by the coverlines. 
4. The use of coverlines, which tell the audience that the main image is her true self, and she is trying to show the world who she really is. The anchorage of the story connotes that Minaj is being "exposed", that we as an audience are seeing a side of her that goes beyond the superficial way she is usually associated with in the media. 
   The use of direct dress has connotations of truthfulness.The use of costume - it is not overly elaborate suggesting the the personality of Minaj will be the focus of the article, and not her physical appearance. 
5. The main focus areas are the main image and the headline. the main image is shown as important as it takes up most of the front cover. The head line stands out from the rest of the information as it is in larger text and in bright yellow, so it will stand out to the audience as more important. Things like the date of issue and some sidelines are seen as less important as they are written in small font, and in white, which is a colour which tends to blend in with the background more that yellow. In addition they are placed at the sides or at the angles.  One main focus is Minaj's body, and stories about fashion and beauty. what is being foregrounded is the artist's appearance, and the nature of the interview being an "inside look" at the artist without the falsities of commercial media. 
6. One notable absence can be the fact that there is no price and bar code. The magazine does not focus on Minaj's music ability, thesis because they are a fashion magazine and so they want to focus on beauty and fashion rather than music. In addition the target audience for Elle is older the the audience who listens to Minaj's audience .
7. The fashion industries - this is the depiction of Minaj that she would appeal to the audience's interested more in fashion than in Minaj's music
   The Elle target audience - typically an older and more sophisticated audience than Minaj's musical audience.
8. It reflects the interests of teenage girls who love fashion and being up to date with the most recent trends. They also love beauty and hair products. It also targets Niki Minaj's fans. I can tell this by the sidelines and cover l.
9. Age is between 18 -28
   Ethnicity : caucasian and african american women 
   Secondary audience : niki Mina's fans
10. This representation is targeted at teenage and young adults, female.
11. I believe it suggests women should always try to be theirselves and not try to hide behind a wig or costumes.
12. To others it may mean that women should be objectified as she has some skin showing, and is wearing tight clothing which enhance her figure and body. 
13. The clothing she is waring - black leather jacket - makes her seem dangerous. The Medium shot -shows her whole body.  The facial expression -looking straight at the camera - make her seem strong and confident. The cover lines - say how she is "unzipped" - suggests women shuld be themselves. The low angle shot - makes her seem powerful and important.  It is the women's appearance's or body which is the most significant part of them.
    Can be seen as fitting with Minaj's risqué persona
    She is confident with her body and knows that a cover like this would increase her number of fans. 

Peer assessing "I feel pretty" and "This girl can" advert

	Extract	WWW	EBI	What terminology or theories could have been	Rewritten version (chose one of the exemplars)
Exemplar 1	In the ‘I Feel Pretty’ advert the protagonist Maria Sharapova is solely empowered via a series of close ups and mid shots where shallow focus and tracks are used in order to keep the audiences’ attention on her. As well as all of the other actors’ are watching her as they all sing the song. Eye line matches are used to show that the actors are watching the protagonist throughout. This empowers the protagonist, as she is a young woman receiving everyone’s attention even that of the advert’s John McEnroe whose appearance is significant due to his famous tennis profile as an angry and foul-tongued sportsman.	- Lots of media terminology used.	- Describe in detail what is happening in each scene (add more specific examples) -Add more detailed explanation of what effects the different media techniques create – more analysis - link to different theories - link to feminism	Hook- feminism is a struggle for woman and a political commitment.	Exemplar – 3 Through the use of a crosscut we recognise that Sharapova has changed her costume from a white costume to her chosen dress. The dress is another symbol of femininity. This reinforces the fact that women are expected to look appealing and be attractive. The props used are also effective as she is also shown wearing jewelry: necklace and earrings. This is evident in the beginning and end of the advert. This highlights how women are expected to spend time in trying looking their best, and should look appealing to men. This supports Van Zoonen’s theory that the display of women’s bodies as objects to be looked at is a core element of the western society. The use of an over-the-shoulder shot and handheld camera shot allows us to notice it, as they highlight they clearly show what she is wearing and highlight her attractive figure. However, in the This Girl Can jewelry isn’t noticeable as their unique selling point was to put forward that woman can do anything and that women are strong, determined and fierce. This supports the success of feminism and how it has progressed and gained attention throughout all the three feminist waves. The idea of the women in the advert being strong is evident in the head on shot with a girl boxing. Boxing is known to be a physical sport, mainly dominated by males, however, this shot take disapproves that ideology. The idea of the woman being focused and determined is clear in Sharapova’s advert. Many close-ups show her facial expressions. Her facial expression gives the impression that she is completely ‘zoned in’ and focus, as she is staring straight ahead and looking at her “target”. One could suggest the music and the over exaggerated singing are distractions for Sharapova, as they are repetitive and keep on saying “I feel pretty”. However, the fact that she doesn’t notice or acknowledge everyone singing further emphasises that idea that she is focused, and suggest that women should not concentrate on their looks but on their skills and abilities. This can be seen as she strongly hits the ball. This can be seen as supporting hook’s theory that feminism is a struggle to end sexism, as she is trying to ignore the fact that everyone is looking at her looks rather than her abilities. She is concentrating on her sport and ignoring the singing. A zoom and slow motion is used to show the woman struggling but carrying on in the This Girl Can advert. This references the title ‘This Girl Can’ and refers to the voice over, which is meant to be motivated. The idea of struggles is evident in the Sharapova advert. We see a constant struggle for Sharapova as she’s constantly being bombarded by the paparazzi when she’s in the car and when she’s entering the arena. There’s a track to represent the paparazzi following her, which gives the audience an idea of how hard and how public life is. This is shown to challenge Zoonen’s theory that men are the ones strong and powerful, as women in this advert are represented as strong and powerful, getting past challenges and achieving their goals.
Exemplar 2	This Girl Can advert encourages women to support each other. A long shot captures women in the ad hugging each other. This suggests that one aim of the ad is to unite females. A sound technique that further supports this point is diegetic sound. In the changing room, the woman’s rugby team can be heard chanting. This suggests that the director wants women to work together as one. Therefore, this ad can be seen as a response to the jealousy we typically see from women nowadays like in the Nike Advert. Both adverts show that women can be more than just “pretty”. In the two adverts we see the over-the-shoulder show being used to show the women putting their make-up on. In the Nike ad sound techniques and camera techniques reveal that people are surprised by Sharapova’s tennis ability. When she returns the serve the camera does a whip pan. Commonly a whip pan suggests that the camera was surprised by the activity. In addition, from the diegetic sound, we can hear the crowd is silenced by her shot.	- Media terminology is used and different relevant points are made.	- Add more specific examples - link to theories - link back to feminism	Hook – feminism is a political commitment Feminism is a struggle for woman
Exemplar 3	Through the use of a crosscut we recognize that Sharapova has changed her costume from a white costume to her chosen dress. The dress is another symbol of femininity. She is also shown wearing jewelry: necklace and earrings. This is evident in the beginning and end of the advert. The use of an over-the-shoulder shot and handheld camera shot allows us to notice it. However, in the This Girl Can jewelry isn’t noticeable as their unique selling point was to put forward that woman can do anything and that women are strong, determined and fierce. This supports the success of feminism and how it has progressed and gained attention throughout all the three feminist waves. The idea of the women in the advert being strong is evident in the head on shot with a girl boxing. Boxing is known to be a physical sport, mainly dominated by males, however, this shot take disapproves that ideology. The idea of the woman being focused and determined is clear in Sharapova’s advert. Many close-ups show her facial expressions. Her facial expression gives the impression that she is completely ‘zoned in’ and focus. One could suggest the music and the over exaggerated singing are distractions for Sharapova. However, the fact that she doesn’t notice or acknowledge everyone singing further emphasises that idea that she is focused. A zoom and slow motion is used to show the woman struggling but carrying on in the This Girl Can advert. This references the title ‘This Girl Can’ and refers to the voiceover, which is meant to be motivated. The idea of struggles is evident in the Sharapova advert. We see a constant struggle for Sharapova as she’s constantly being bombarded by the paparazzi when she’s in the car and when she’s entering the arena. There’s a track to represent the paparazzi following her, which gives the audience an idea of how hard and how public life is.	-        Clearly linked to feminism -        Analysis done in detail	-        Link to theory -          -	Hall- stereotyping as a form of representation reduces people to a few simple characteristics or traits
Exemplar 4	In the “This Girl Can” advert uses a different approach instead of showing how much of an inspiration one woman –Maria Sharapova – is, they decide to show how inspirational all types of women can be. They successfully achieve this through a montage. This montage shows women sweating and smiling. This connotes to us that they have been partaking in activities. This shows us that there’s no longer the restrictions that there once were surrounding women and sport. Also, during this montage there was a range of women. There were white women, black women, Muslim women and a disabled woman. This connotes to the audience that there isn’t one type of woman that isn’t capable of partaking in sports. This is helped through the narrator’s use of direct address, “and your great grandmother”. This direct address is used to try and inspire and add a personal side to the advert. In this montage, Judith Butler’s gender performativity theory is present. This theory states that when you were younger, society made you act a certain ways, the way that your gender is ‘supposed to act’. However, as you grow up, you start to act independently and in a way you think you should act. The examples of this come through with girls with short/shaved hair, a stereotypically male thing.	-        clear detailed explanation and analysis of the different point made -        Well linked to Butler’s theory	-        Add different techniques used which reinforce this point, and what they connote. -        Link to stereotypes	- hall –stereotyping tends to occur when there are inequalities of power, as subordinate or excluded groups are constructed as different or other- eg through ethnocentrism,
Exemplar 5	In the beginning of the “I Feel Pretty” advert, van Zoonen’s theory that women’s bodies are objectified is displayed as Maria Sharapova looks directly into the mirror. A medium shot is used to show the audience Maria trying to put on a serious look, so dhe feels confident, which may enable her to win the match. This is very typical of a woman to do looking at the mirror so that they feel nice and beautiful, because in reality sport stars like Maria Sharapova will be judged on their appearance more than men, so this pressures women to look nice and presentable. There is a voiceover that says “well she should win,” this is referring back to sharapova that there is an expectation to win the game so in order for her to feel confident and have the greater possibility to win she has to psych herself up. Butler and van Zoonen’s theory are linked in the part of the advert whre the audoience see Sharapova walking in the corridor and a cleaner is standing there singing. The use of the long shot used shows the height difference, which may emphasise the status difference for example Sharapova is taller than the lady, this may have been presented to show the audience how important Sharapova is and the ordinary lady who works as a cleaner has no importance. Also, Sharapova’s costume is very tight fitted on her body, which exposes a bit of cleavage and stomach this links to Butler’s theory that woman and men have to wear and act certain things as well as that van Zoonen says women’s bodies are seen as objects. Sharapova is dressed that way so we can see how her costume brings out her well worked out bodt. Also, it may influence her to show off some skin, as the media often portrays women as objects and to label women who show off a bit of skin and cleavage as sexy, but women who dress more conservatively as boring.	- Clearly linked to Van Zoonen’s and Butler’s theory.	-        Add more specific examples describing what is seen in each scene and what is created. -        Say what the voice over is saying -        Include what theory can this advert be seen challenging	-        Van Zoonen – women’s bodies are seen as objects -        -Butler’s – men and women have to wear certain clothes and say certain things in order to be accepted by today’s society.
Exemplar 6	In the second advert ‘This Girl Can’ tries to convey to the audience the diversity that women have gained. The visuals of the advert are colourful and eyecatching there are many close ups of their facial expressions. They are seen to be cheerful. This could be linked to the fact women have a lot more opportunities in society and are able to do what make them happy. In this advert they are embracing what women are capable to doshowing the maternal side and the sporty side that a woman can possess. One camare movement is tracking as they follow the characters when they are taking part in an activity.	- good analysis	- link to different theories and add more terminology	van zones - gender is constructed